Introduction
Zaqatala, also known as Zaqatala Rayon, is a rayon (district) located in the northwest region of Azerbaijan. It is situated on the slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountains and borders the Russian republic of Dagestan. It is the second most northern rayon of Azerbaijan and is known for its rich culture, historical sites, diverse wildlife, and captivating landscapes.
History
Zaqatala has a long and rich history that dates back to the ancient times. According to archaeological evidence, the region was inhabited since the 10th century B.C. by the Caucasian Albanians, who are believed to be the ancestors of the modern-day Azerbaijanis. The region became part of the Caucasian Albania kingdom, which enjoyed its peak in the 4th century A.D. In the 19th century, the region became part of the Russian Empire and later, the Soviet Union. Following Azerbaijan’s independence in 1991, the region became part of the newly established Republic of Azerbaijan.
Geography
Zaqatala Rayon is situated in the north-western region of Azerbaijan and borders Russia’s Dagestan Republic to the north. It is surrounded by the Greater Caucasus Mountains on the east and the Lesser Caucasus Mountains on the west. The rayon covers a total area of 2,155 square kilometers and has a population of around 82,000 people. The climate of Zaqatala is mostly mild and rainy, with temperatures ranging from -6°C in winter to +21°C in summer.
Tourism
Zaqatala Rayon is a popular tourist destination in Azerbaijan due to its unique landscapes and historical sites. The region is home to several protected areas, including Zaqatala National Park, which is known for its diverse wildlife and captivating landscapes. Other popular attractions include the ancient fortress of Zaqatala, the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Qabala, and the historic churches of Kish and Juma. The region also boasts several mineral springs and hot springs, including Gara-Gel and Nizami Thermal Springs.
Culture
Zaqatala Rayon has a rich cultural heritage that dates back to the ancient times. The region is home to a number of ethnic groups, including Azeris, Russians, Lezgins, Avars, and Tabasarans. The local population speaks a variety of languages, including Azeri, Russian, Lezgin, and Avar. The local cuisine is heavily influenced by the neighboring Caucasus region and includes dishes such as ‘qutab’ (stuffed flatbread), ‘dolma’ (stuffed vegetables), and ‘plov’ (rice pilaf).
Conclusion
Zaqatala Rayon is a unique and captivating region in Azerbaijan that is known for its rich culture, diverse wildlife, and captivating landscapes. It is home to several protected areas, ancient historical sites, and mineral springs. The local population speaks a variety of languages and enjoys a unique cuisine that is heavily influenced by the neighboring Caucasus region. Whether you are looking for a tranquil getaway or an adventure-filled holiday, Zaqatala Rayon is the perfect destination.