Engaruka Ruins: An Exploration of 15th Century Tanzania
Engaruka ruins are a 15th-century archaeological site located in the north-central highlands of Tanzania, near the shores of Lake Eyasi. The ruins consist of a walled complex of settlements and irrigation systems that were once thought to be part of a powerful kingdom. Engaruka Ruins span over 12 sq km and are believed to have been the largest pre-colonial settlement in the region.
Once a thriving agricultural community, Engaruka was home to a complex irrigation system that was used to cultivate maize, millet, and sorghum. The ruins are a testament to the advanced engineering and farming techniques of the ancient inhabitants of the region.
History of Engaruka Ruins
Engaruka ruins have been the subject of archaeological research since the late 19th century. German explorer, Oscar Baumann, was the first to document Engaruka in 1891. In the 1930s, British archaeologist, John Kirk, conducted a detailed survey of the ruins, and in the 1950s, French archaeologist G. Mauny began excavations of the site.
The ruins were abandoned in the 15th century and the cause of the decline of the settlement is still a mystery. However, some theories suggest the decline was due to environmental degradation or a prolonged drought.
What to See at Engaruka Ruins
The ruins of Engaruka are an important site for anyone interested in the history of East Africa. Visitors can explore the ruins and view the remains of a massive irrigation system, as well as the remains of the stone walls that once surrounded the settlement. In addition, visitors can also explore two cemeteries, a mosque, and a large number of houses.
Engaruka is also home to a number of wildlife, including baboons, warthogs, and gazelles. Visitors should also be on the lookout for the rare and endangered African wild dog.
Visiting Engaruka Ruins
Engaruka ruins are accessible by 4×4 vehicles and can be reached by a number of routes from Arusha, Mto wa Mbu, and Karatu. It is recommended that visitors take a guided tour of the ruins, as the site is vast and can be difficult to navigate.
The ruins are open to visitors daily from 7am to 6pm and there is an entrance fee of $20 per person. It is also recommended that visitors bring plenty of water and food, as there are no restaurants or shops at the site.
Conclusion
Engaruka ruins are an important archaeological site located in northern Tanzania, and provide a fascinating insight into the history of the region. The ruins are a testament to the advanced engineering and farming techniques of the ancient inhabitants of the region, and provide visitors with an opportunity to explore and learn about the history of East Africa. Visitors should take the time to explore the ruins and appreciate the beauty and importance of the site.